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The 43 Group was an English anti-fascist group set up by Jewish ex-servicemen after World War II. They did this when, upon returning to London, they encountered British fascist organisations such as Jeffrey Hamm's British League of Ex-Servicemen and later Oswald Mosley's reformed fascist party, the Union Movement. The activities of these fascist groups included antisemitic speeches in public places, and from the rank-and-file fascists, violent attacks on London Jews and Jewish property. Group members broke up far-right meetings, infiltrated fascist groups, and attacked the fascists in street fighting.〔Adam Lent ("British Social Movements Since 1945: Sex, Colour, Peace and Power" ) Macmillan p19, ISBN 0-333-72009-1〕 ==Early history== The title "43 Group" came from the number of people in the room of Maccabi House during the group's founding meeting. Those who convened the initial meeting included: * Morris Beckman,served in the Merchant Navy during World War II. He lived through two torpedo attacks during the War. * Gerald Flamberg, a middleweight boxing champion and member of 156 Battalion. Flamberg won the Military Medal at Arnhem during Operation Market Garden;〔(''The Times'' )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.specialforcesroh.com/awards-4883.html )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/ww2/Arnhem.html )〕 * Leonard Sherman, a martial arts expert and member of the Welsh Guards; * Alec Carson, who flew Hawker Hurricanes in the Battle of Britain. 17-year-old Vidal Sassoon joined the group in 1947 and went on to fight in the Israeli Defence Forces during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War. Sassoon later founded a multinational hair business.〔Anita Singh (Vidal Sassoon: Anti-fascist warrior-hairdresser ) ''Daily Telegraph'', 21/04/2008, Accessed 27 April 2008〕〔(Pictorial History: Acquiring Arms and Personnel ) Aliyah Bet & Machal Virtual Museum, Accessed 27 April 2008〕 The initial membership was around 300 people. The group grew to include many hundreds of men and women, not all Jewish. Many among them were decorated for bravery, including the VC (Petty Officer Tommy Gould〔Mark Gould (Last reunion for war heroes who came home to fight the fascists ), ''The Independent'', 22 February 2009, accessed 3 March 2010〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/military-obituaries/naval-obituaries/1364554/Tommy-Gould-VC.html )〕), DSO, DFC, DSM, and MM. The organisation was sometimes portrayed by its enemies as a front for either Jewish terrorists or communists, but in fact it was mostly composed of British ex-servicemen.〔Andrew Roberts (How King of Crimpers Vidal Sassoon cut Britain's fascist thugs down to size ) ''Daily Mail'', 14 April 2008, Accessed 27 April 2008〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「43 Group」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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